abstract |
Times of crisis can acutely raise questions about God's existence and presence
and whether there are grounds for societal as well personal hope. In 2019, a leading
theologian, Jürgen Moltmann, saw a world in peril, especially due to climate change, and
offered a Christian-centered eschatological view of hope. In 2020, another major problem
of worldly scope emerged, a viral pandemic, also raising questions about where God is.
The thesis of this paper is that certain ideas within theistic personalism, process
thought, and humanism are helpful in thinking about God and the role of human beings in
the creation, including in a time of crisis. There are certain key ideas they offer which in
combination provide grounds for hope not dependent for acceptance upon one's beliefs
about scripture or religious doctrines. For those who do not regard scripture as God's
revelation, or who have no religion, these ideas may provide an alternative "natural"
theological pathway to theism and hope.
Theistic personalist thinkers Bowne and Brightman addressed God's existence
and goodness and an afterlife, and Brightman in particular engaged in a rethinking of
God's power. Whitehead and subsequent process thinkers including Griffin developed
the idea that God works with the creation in process, luring it to good choices. Brightman
saw God's power as constrained, and process theologians see God's power as persuasive
rather than controlling. This means that human beings can have a significant impact upon
our own destiny. We face considerable challenges, particularly climate change. Humanist
thinker Steven Pinker provides documentation of past human progress and conveys a
hopeful attitude regarding the capacity of human beings to meet our challenges.
Use of some central ideas of these thinkers can serve as a pathway toward a
natural theology of hope which, in its theistic conception, seems more credible and
hopeful than atheism. A combination of the theistic and humanist ideas offers a less
certain basis for hope than is often claimed for the scripture-based narratives of religions,
but the result may be more credible, less authoritarian, and more hopeful in today's times.
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