abstract |
Women of color make substantive contributions to American politics, yet they are
continually underrepresented in the political sphere. Recent literature is divided on whether
systematic barriers remain for women in American politics. Despite the continued debate on the
research and findings on women seeking political office, there is no doubt that women of color
face systematic biases and barriers in their campaigns and once elected. This thesis aims to
answer whether mainstream political science literature adequately captures the barriers and
biases faced by women of color at the intersection of race and gender.
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, ordinarily known as AOC, became the center of media
attention from the onset of her political career. Her origin story was defined by her Puerto Rican
heritage, experience working with the community, and progressive ideals. Utilizing Alexandria
Ocasio-Cortez's rise in American politics, this thesis demonstrates that political science literature
fails to adequately account for the barriers, biases, and attacks women of color face in campaigns
and once they have been elected. Even when it appears that political identification explains the
attacks and biases they face, an intersectionality approach notes that the manifestation of the
attacks is in particularly racialized and misogynous terms such that it considers women of color
politicians as double trouble.
The study of women of color through an intersectional framework is specifically
warranted because the literature on race or gender alone does not capture the challenges women
of color face. Ocasio-Cortez's campaigns and post-election experience, categorized by racist and
sexist episodes of attack, reveal that women of color face a drastically different political
landscape than their white female and male counterparts in American politics. This thesis will
shed light on the barriers and biases women of color face in the campaign process and once
elected, through an intersectional analysis to understand the complexities of their challenges.
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